Kardinal

Cardinal, scientific name Tanichthys albonubes, belongs to the Cyprinidae family. The most popular aquarium fish, easy to keep and breed. As of 2010, there are four well-established breeding color forms, but only two of them are most widely used – close to natural color and with a predominance of red.

Habitat

The homeland of the species is the territory of modern China. Currently, fish are practically not found in the wild and are on the verge of extinction, listed in the Red Book. Several relict populations have been found in the coastal province of Guangdong (southern China) and in the province of Quang Ninh, northeast Vietnam. They live in slow-flowing rivers and streams, prefer to stay at shallow depths up to 60 cm near dense coastal aquatic vegetation.

Informasi singkat:

• Volume akuarium - saka 60 liter.
• Suhu - 14-22 ° C
• Nilai pH - 6.0-8.5
• Water hardness – soft to hard (5-21dGH)
• Tipe substrat - sembarang
• Cahya - subdued
• Banyu payau - ora
• Gerakan banyu - arus sing lemah utawa isih banyu
• Ukuran iwak nganti 4 cm.
• Panganan - panganan apa wae
• Temperamen - iwak kalem tentrem
• Tetep ing kumpul 10 individu

Description

Adults reach a length of 4 cm. Females are somewhat larger than males, but less colorful. There are several color forms. One is closer to natural coloration, the dominant color is gray with a wide bright pink stripe stretching from head to tail. The wide fins have a pale yellow edging. Another form has a similar color, but with a pronounced red pigment, which is painted on the back of the body, tail and edges of the fins.

Food

They accept all types of dry, frozen and live food. A combination of different species is the most preferred option, in this case the fish show their best color. Feed 2-3 times a day in the amount eaten in 5 minutes, remove leftovers in a timely manner to prevent water pollution.

Pangopènan lan perawatan, susunan akuarium

The recommended volume of the tank for one flock of fish starts from 60 liters. The design is arbitrary, however, a combination of a dark substrate and a certain amount of floating plants is considered the best option. Artificial or natural snags, roots and / or branches of trees are used as decor.

The standard set of equipment consists of filtration and lighting systems, an aerator. The cardinal prefers relatively low temperatures, so there is no need for a heater if the aquarium is set up in a living area.

Water conditions are characterized by a weak internal flow, temperature, pH and dGH parameters are in a wide acceptable range of values, so the preparation of water is not associated with great difficulties, in most cases it is enough to defend it during the day.

Pangopènan akuarium kasusun ing panggantos mingguan bagean banyu (20-25% saka volume) karo banyu seger, reresik reguler saka substrat saka sampah organik lan mbusak tondo pengeling eling saka kaca.

Prilaku lan Kompatibilitas

Calm peace-loving fish, goes well with other species of similar size and temperament, able to live in similar temperature conditions. The content is flocking from 10 individuals of both sexes; within the group, males are forced to compete with each other for the attention of females, which contributes to an increase in the brightness of their color.

Breeding / breeding

Cardinal refers to spawning species, females scatter eggs in the water column, and males at this moment fertilize it. Parental instincts are poorly developed, immediately after spawning, the fish can eat their own caviar and fry that have appeared.

Breeding dianjurake kanggo nindakake ing tank kapisah - akuarium spawning, kanggo nglindhungi turunane saka iwak diwasa. Desain kasebut prasaja, perhatian utama diwenehake menyang lemah, kudu kalebu partikel kanthi ukuran sing cukup gedhe sing ora pas karo siji liyane, mbentuk rongga, contone, kerikil utawa manik kaca dekoratif. Nalika endhog klelep ing ngisor, akeh sing tiba ing rongga kasebut lan dadi ora bisa diakses iwak. Efek sing padha uga ditindakake nalika nggunakake bolong sing apik, sing dipasang ing sisih ngisor.

Cara liya kanggo njaga pengawetan endhog yaiku nggunakake tanduran utawa lumut godhong cilik sing tuwuh sithik kayata Riccia ngambang lan lumut Jawa, sing ditandur ing sebagian besar permukaan substrat (ing kasus iki, lemah bisa apa wae). . Tanduran sing kandhel bisa nyedhiyakake papan perlindungan sing dipercaya kanggo endhog sing ora luwih elek tinimbang lemah khusus.

Ukuran akuarium pemijahan biasane 20-30 liter, setengah diisi. Peralatan sing digunakake yaiku aerator, pemanas lan saringan spons sing prasaja kanthi daya kurang kanggo nyegah nyedhot endhog lan goreng sing ora disengaja. Spawning dumadi ing cahya sing surem, mula mula ora perlu sumber cahya.

The impetus for the beginning of the mating season is the establishment of a water temperature in the region of the upper permissible mark of 20–21 ° C at a neutral or slightly acidic pH value, as well as the inclusion of protein foods in the daily diet – bloodworms, daphnia, brine shrimp in live or frozen form.

After some time, the females become noticeably rounder, and the males will begin to actively show signs of attention to their chosen ones. At this point, you should prepare a separate tank and fill it with water from the general aquarium, then transplant several females and the most colorful males there. The easiest way to determine the end of spawning is by females, they will become slender.

The fish are returned. The fry will appear in 48 – 60 hours, and in another day they will begin to swim freely. Feed with specialized microscopic food for feeding juvenile aquarium fish.

Penyakit iwak

Due to long-term hybridization and inbreeding, undesirable consequences appeared in the form of weak immunity and a high proportion of congenital malformations among juveniles. A balanced diet and suitable living conditions reduce the risk of disease, but do not eliminate them. Read more about symptoms and treatments in the Aquarium Fish Diseases section.